轿车用的电动玻璃升降器多是由电动机、减速器、导绳、导向板、玻璃安装托架等组成。因导绳的材料或制作工艺方式不同，又分为绳轮式、软轴式和塑料带式三种电动玻璃升降器。
前二种是(shi)用做为导绳(sheng)，后(hou)一种是(shi)用塑(su)料带做为导绳(sheng)。

以(yi)普(pu)遍使(shi)用的(de)(de)绳(sheng)(sheng)轮式电(dian)(dian)动玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)升(sheng)降(jiang)器为(wei)例，它(ta)是由(you)电(dian)(dian)动机(ji)、减(jian)速(su)(su)器、钢丝绳(sheng)(sheng)、导(dao)向板和玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)安(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)托(tuo)(tuo)架(jia)等零(ling)部件组(zu)成(cheng)，安(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)时门窗(chuang)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)固定(ding)(ding)在玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)安(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)托(tuo)(tuo)架(jia)上(shang)(shang)，玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)导(dao)向槽与钢丝绳(sheng)(sheng)导(dao)向板平行。开启电(dian)(dian)动机(ji)，由(you)电(dian)(dian)动机(ji)带(dai)(dai)动减(jian)速(su)(su)器输(shu)出动力，拉动钢丝绳(sheng)(sheng)移(yi)动玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)安(an)装(zhuang)(zhuang)托(tuo)(tuo)架(jia)，迫使(shi)门窗(chuang)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)作上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)或下降(jiang)的(de)(de)直(zhi)线运动。而塑(su)料(liao)带(dai)(dai)式电(dian)(dian)动玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)升(sheng)降(jiang)器的(de)(de)导(dao)绳(sheng)(sheng)采(cai)用塑(su)料(liao)带(dai)(dai)，带(dai)(dai)上(shang)(shang)有孔，用来移(yi)动和定(ding)(ding)位塑(su)料(liao)带(dai)(dai)，控制门窗(chuang)玻(bo)(bo)璃(li)(li)的(de)(de)升(sheng)降(jiang)。

手(shou)动(dong)(dong)(dong)门窗就是将电动(dong)(dong)(dong)门窗的(de)电动(dong)(dong)(dong)部分换成机械组件(jian)，通过(guo)手(shou)摇动(dong)(dong)(dong)车门内的(de)摇柄(bing)来实现。

电动(dong)(dong)玻(bo)璃升(sheng)降(jiang)器结构的(de)(de)关键(jian)是(shi)(shi)电动(dong)(dong)机和(he)减速器，这(zhei)两者是(shi)(shi)组装成一体(ti)的(de)(de)，其中电动(dong)(dong)机采用可(ke)逆性(xing)永磁直流电动(dong)(dong)机，电动(dong)(dong)机内有(you)两组绕向(xiang)不(bu)同的(de)(de)磁场线圈(quan)，通过开(kai)关的(de)(de)控(kong)制可(ke)做正转和(he)反转，也就是(shi)(shi)说可(ke)以控(kong)制门(men)(men)窗(chuang)玻(bo)璃的(de)(de)上升(sheng)或下(xia)降(jiang)。电动(dong)(dong)机是(shi)(shi)由双联开(kai)关按钮(niu)控(kong)制，设有(you)升(sheng)、降(jiang)、关等三个工作状态，不(bu)操纵时开(kai)关自动(dong)(dong)停在“关”的(de)(de)位置上。操纵电路设有(you)总开(kai)关（中央控(kong)制）和(he)分(fen)开(kai)关，两者线路并联。总开(kai)关由驾车者，控(kong)制全(quan)部门(men)(men)窗(chuang)玻(bo)璃的(de)(de)开(kai)闭(bi)，而各车门(men)(men)内把手上的(de)(de)分(fen)开(kai)关由乘(cheng)员(yuan)分(fen)别(bie)控(kong)制各个门(men)(men)窗(chuang)玻(bo)璃的(de)(de)开(kai)闭(bi)，操作十(shi)分(fen)便(bian)利。

电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)(dong)机的(de)质(zhi)量(liang)直(zhi)接关系(xi)到(dao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)(dong)玻璃(li)升降器(qi)的(de)正常工(gong)作，它一(yi)定要具有体(ti)积小、重量(liang)轻、防护等(deng)级高(gao)、噪声低(di)、电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干扰小、运行可靠等(deng)特点(dian)。现(xian)代轿车已广泛应用微(wei)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技(ji)术(shu)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)机工(gong)作会发射电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)波干扰其它电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)件的(de)工(gong)作；前几年通用汽车公司一(yi)篇售后分析报告显示，近40%的(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)(dong)玻璃(li)升降器(qi)故障是由电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)(dong)机密封性差(cha)引起的(de)。因此，减少电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)干扰和解决电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)机密封性问题巳成为近年汽车电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)机技(ji)术(shu)的(de)热(re)门话题。